Landmark study finds three in four NFL players die with CTE

540 points by scientificamerican 6 hours ago on reddit | 77 comments

30_Under_The_40 | 6 hours ago

I wonder what this sport will look like years from now, as less and less children are playing it because of concussions/CTE

BloatedBanana9 | 6 hours ago

I feel like that may be part of why the NFL has started promoting flag football so much. They probably see the writing on the wall

_thejerkstorecalled | 2 hours ago

I figure they don't care so much about the health of the players for the player's sake, they care about being able to market the stars more and for longer which happens if they get injured less.

ImUsuallyTony | 6 hours ago

We love football as a family. But we are really torn about letting our son play if he wants to when he’s older. Its just so much risk…

There_is_always_hope | 6 hours ago

I just had a friend whose son is now going through surgery on his knee because of an injury. Her son was getting recruited by universities because he was a star athlete in track. Now she's uncertain of his future because of this injury. She regrets giving into the coach begging her to let him play. We need to protect our kids because no one else will.

ImUsuallyTony | 6 hours ago

You’re not wrong. Ugh. That and seeing all the deaths that have been popping up related to the sport. Its a very weird feeling.

There_is_always_hope | 5 hours ago

Oh! I also have another friend whose son was playing with injury because the coach kept telling him to deal with it. Now he's also having to get surgery because it only got worse. She is beyond angry.

Switters53 | 4 hours ago

One thing that's not talked about enough is the damage done by heavy weight lifting. I did irreversible damage to my body by lift so heavy but that's what was expected as an offensive/defensive lineman.

Elessar535 | 3 hours ago

Don't do it. Please read my other post here

TeamWorkTom | 3 hours ago

As a person not even in their 40s with chronic back pain and issues from sports injuries don't do it.

It's not worth it.

The one thing I tell younger people is don't get hurt. It's not worth it.

Sometimes you can't help it, accidents happen, but it's not worth pushing yourself to injury.

CommunicationTime265 | 59 minutes ago

Don't let him. My nephew got a back injury immediately when my idiot brother let him do highschool football.  Thankfully he doesn't play anymore, but they learned the hard way.

You say this but.... SO many kids in my area are doing multiple leagues, their parents are pushing it so hard. It's year-round football starting at age 6. It's more and more football, younger and younger. It's like they've decided this is their future, it's their only ticket to success. You look at these young children and their entire identity is wrapped up in being a football player.

It's very scary and very sad. These kids don't get a say in the matter and their parents' attitude is completely dismissive of any risks.

So yeah, we're likely going to see fewer kids pick up football from affluent, comfortable, middle class families. But I'm telling you, there's a whole lot of families who will gladly trade their kid's brains for NIL money.

sassassinX | an hour ago

It's a death sentence.

CopaceticOpus | 2 hours ago

It's hard to imagine it's going anywhere. The danger of brain injuries has been well known for over a decade, and yet it's as popular as ever.

30_Under_The_40 | an hour ago

In that time yotuh football participation is down double digits, as has their interest in the sport altogether. https://www.statista.com/chart/30777/popularity-of-basketball-and-football-in-the-united-states/

[OP] scientificamerican | 6 hours ago

American football can be brutal. Scientists have long known that the hits, tackles and other collisions that are central to the sport come with health risks, but what these impacts do to the brain has been less clear. What we do know is that many footballers have died with brains that have shown evidence of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a disease associated with symptoms such as mood swings and dementia. But because a diagnosis requires that investigators look for damage in a person’s brain after they die, it’s unclear just how common CTE is among current or former athletes.

But now, in a study published in JAMA Network Open, an analysis of medical records from thousands of deceased former NFL players—including hundreds who donated their brains to science—estimates that about 75 percent of these players likely died with CTE.

txroller | 6 hours ago

I would like to see more studies from others who didn’t make the nfl. High school footballers for instance who had more limited exposure to CTE

SlipperySloane | 4 hours ago

A guy from my high school killed himself in his early twenties and he was found to have CTE despite never playing college ball. He was a great guy that suddenly had a massive personality shift. It’s very clear that the CTE resulted in his suicide. The hard thing is recognizing that it needs to be looked for since it can only be diagnosed with an autopsy.

SirSignificant6576 | 4 hours ago

I was a defensive lineman in elementary school, junior high, and high school. I remember several concussions, and being unconscious on the field as young as 9 or 10 years old from filling a gap and stopping a running back coming at full speed helmet-first through the hole. I'm afraid the problem is endemic to football at all levels, and is not just a "grown man strength and mass" issue.

Elessar535 | 5 hours ago

I played football for 8 years between junior high, high school and college (had to quit my freshman year due to multiple concussions). My dumb ass decided after that that boxing would be a good idea, and I was an amateur boxer for 3 years. I got a LOT of concussions, like more than I can count. I was fine until around my 35th birthday when I started to forget things (more than just normal forgetfulness), and started having mood swings (which at first were just attributed to my previous bipolar diagnosis). I'm 38 now and things have gotten way worse (I just had to use a calculator to remember my age...). I saw a neurologist and since they can't diagnose CTE until after death, they gave me a diagnosis of Chronic Post Concussive Encephalopathy (basically, we think you have CTE, but can't prove it). I can't work anymore because my memory is trash and no one wants to hire someone who has random crazy mood swings. I can't get disability because not enough is known about CTE and it's not a qualifying disease for social security. My life is a mess and the only reason I'm surviving is by the grace of my very understanding wife (I honestly don't know how she puts up with me). My point is CTE is fucked up and needs to get way more recognition, don't let your kids play contact sports, it's just not worth it.

TeamWorkTom | 3 hours ago

Holy fuck, I'm sorry you're going through all that.

Sounds horrible.

I'm happy you have a wife who clearly loves and cares about you though.

Elessar535 | 2 hours ago

So it goes.

Idk what I would do without her.

telperion101 | 5 hours ago

You know, and this might be unpopular, but what if we remove all of the helmets and pads. Same as rugby. If you’re feeling padded up you have way more motivation to hit someone but if you don’t you make major adjustments to your own behavior

I ended up reading this and, maybe surprisingly it’s WORSE in rugby, we just don’t hear about it.

TeamWorkTom | 2 hours ago

I don't think it is.

Crazily enough MMA fighters tend to get less CTE than Football players and Boxers.

It's the repeated small hits to the head that cause CTE.

We are not made to have a head jostled and banged around.

InfectedColonPockets | 3 hours ago

I was watching something the other day that was giving a brief history of American football and apparently it was quite deadly in the early days. They mentioned one college football season there were 18 players that died and those were the days of minimal padding.

KandinskyWasRight | 51 minutes ago

Would like to see if we could use the rugby tackle rules, no slamming with the body you have to tackle with your arms

UncleJulz | 4 hours ago

Yeah this sport is not sustainable. It destroys athletes.

There_is_always_hope | 6 hours ago

It is insane to me that people willingly allow their children to play this sport. Nothing good can come from having kids bang their heads around throughout their developmental years. Which extends into adulthood. "You wouldn't understand the thrill and adrenaline you get from playing." Oh no I understand clearly. And to me the risk is not worth it. I want my kids to have long happy lives with as little issues as possible. There is not amount of protection that will stop your brain from banging around the skull in this sport. It is simply not safe.

ADarwinAward | 3 hours ago

It comes down to a lack of education, and a huge part of this is that it’s really hard for men who played tackle football to motivate themselves to do the research into CTE. They themselves would have to acknowledge that they are at risk for ALS, Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, dementia, depression, and suicidal ideation. That’s a hard pill to swallow for something you can’t undo. You can’t take back the years you played football. Instead of acknowledging that they’re at risk, many of them bury their heads in the sand. I know multiple NFL players who did that (the ones I know are coaches of high school sports teams). The frustrating part is that many men who played tackle football then encourage their children to play tackle football, even from the age of 5 or 6. For many American fathers, football is a core part of their core identity.  Sometimes it goes as deep as their own perception of what it means to be a man. I remember one of the science teachers at my high school talking to a parent whose son had suffered multiple concussions and but still playing football. This was in the very early 2000s. The kid wasn’t even good at football, he was also struggling in school. But his dad said, “Well, I want my son to be a man.” That was his justification for why his kid should play tackle football. This is the justification a lot of dads use to encourage their kids to play every sport that has a high CTE risk—hockey, combat sports, etc.

txroller | 6 hours ago

I’ve heard of parents waiting until high school to start their kids in football. It would be my suggestion to stop youth American Football participation until the age of 14

PhD_Pwnology | an hour ago

my told me I could play any sport but football

CommunicationTime265 | an hour ago

Yea man.  My brother let my nephew play. He got a back injury immediately and doesn't play anymore. Wtf.

KRandMG | 4 hours ago

Completely understandable position.

Just to counter the “adrenaline” part though—I don’t think the “fun” is what benefitted me the most from playing football growing up.

I genuinely don’t think there’s another sport or activity that matches being on a football team in terms of teaching a kid to “grow up.” When you’re twelve-years old and have a ton of homework due the next day and you still show up after school in the cold and you willingly endure two hours of welts and cuts and bruises, and you learn how to push your body to its absolute limit—it absolutely forces you to develop a sense of discipline and, for lack of a better word, toughness at a very young age.

Football helped me develop from the typical kid who just wants to watch cartoons after school and play video games with his friends into a teenager who knew that he didn’t come first, pain and discomfort are temporary, and hard work and sacrifice lead to genuine rewards. It taught me how to be a good teammate and leader more than baseball and basketball ever could have.

I’m not saying every kid should play football. But I’m personally extremely glad I did, and I know I’d be a very different person if I never got the chance.

TeamWorkTom | 2 hours ago

This can be done without banging heads around.

KRandMG | 2 hours ago

I suppose, sure— but what would you select as an alternative in the modern landscape of what’s available to kids and teenagers to accomplish the same? Military school?

The closest thing among my peer group in terms of what a sport asked of its participants was wrestling and water polo. Wrestling still doesn’t carry the same need for teamwork, and water polo just isn’t all that popular (and likely never will be).

There_is_always_hope | 2 hours ago

Baseball and soccer are very good team sports. My son loves both and it has helped him tremendously. I really believe the government should provide support to parents so that they can get their kids involved in sports at a young age. Kids develope so amazing when they play sports.

KRandMG | 2 hours ago

I didn’t play soccer, but in my experience being on a baseball team is closer to playing board games than playing football in terms of what it demands.

Fully agree that exposure to team sports in general are extremely positive influences in any kid’s life though.

BotherEconomy4413 | 5 hours ago

My daughter played hs flag football. I rolled my eyes but ended up absolutely loving it. It takes all the awesome parts of football and turbocharged it and gets rid of all the dangerous physical parts. I know it's not the same as football but it was still a ton of fun to watch and for them to play. There is def a future in it.

Meme_Theory | 6 hours ago

We are literally killing those dudes for entertainment.

Sweaty_Assignment_90 | 6 hours ago

Not really, more like maim for entertainment.

Elessar535 | 3 hours ago

Unfortunately blood sports have been around basically forever. Football, boxing, MMA, etc... they're probably not going anywhere any time soon.

Meme_Theory | 3 hours ago

The list of things that have "been around forever" that need to bugger off, is a very very long list.

Elessar535 | 3 hours ago

Absolutely agree. As someone who played football and boxed when I was younger, and is now suffering the effects of those head injuries, I say they should ban it all. I even enjoy watching football, but it wouldn't bother me one bit if they banned it all tomorrow.

Meme_Theory | 3 hours ago

Better idea - make everyone wear the giant Sumo suits. They'll still get CTE, but it will be hilarious.

Lopsided_Tiger_0296 | 6 hours ago

At least they’re getting paid tens of millions doing it.

Meme_Theory | 5 hours ago

You could find people willing to do televised Russian roulette for 10s of millions; it doesn't mean you should.

CommunicationTime265 | 57 minutes ago

"Here we'll give you 20 million a year so you can spend it all on therapy and hospital bills when you retire.  Oh and you'll probably die at 50 years old after murdering your whole family and blowing your head off with a shotgun".

Lopsided_Tiger_0296 | 38 minutes ago

Hey at least the wife’s rich

suavaleesko | 6 hours ago

Ill trade 10 million for cte right now

thisismypornaccountg | 2 hours ago

Can you imagine how much CTE there is in boxing too? If your job is to get punched in the head?

Fun-War6684 | 5 hours ago

Just let the robots play the game already. Thats what ai should be used for in this dystopia

JBRifles | 5 hours ago

Least surprising thing I’ve read today

CatShot1948 | 4 hours ago

It's very important to point out this study was done based on people who chose to donate their brains to be studied for this purpose. CTE rate will be much higher in this population than the general NFL population. The reminder of folks had cognitive symptoms. In order to know the true rate, youd need to study asymptomatic patients as well.

All we can say with confidence is that CTE is higher in this population than the general population (which is about 1%), but we can't say how much higher and we can't generalize hose results to non-professional football. We don't know if college football increases risk in the same way or more junior versions.

-doctor

Personally, I won't allow my son to play football for these reasons. And I was an avid football player myself.

SvenDia | 3 hours ago

Didn’t read the study, did you? This is not a study based on brain donations. This paper states upfront that brain donation studies have an inherent selection bias that inflates the prevalence of CTE. The whole point of this paper is to come up with a realistic estimate of CTE prevalence.

CatShot1948 | 3 hours ago

I read the study, just worded my explanation poorly. They used the brain donation data as a jumping off point to try and determine precanece in other NFL players. Still very prone to selection bias, and my point remains that actual prevalence is likely much lower than 75% in the NFL population.

SvenDia | 2 hours ago

They put a very conservative estimate at 60%.

CatShot1948 | 2 hours ago

Yeah, but for the reasons I mentioned, all we can really say with confidence due to selection bias in the study population is that the rates in NFL players are much higher than the general population. The 60 or 75% number is not a number that we can be confident in. And we can't generalize it outside the NFL population.

OpheliaLives7 | 4 hours ago

Why? Did the people donating guess or assume they had this specific problem? Why would the general NFL player population be different?

Vegetable-Honey-9704 | 4 hours ago

The families that donated their brain are donating because they believe it’s likely that the person had CTE. They were almost certainly exhibiting symptoms of CTE.

CatShot1948 | 4 hours ago

Agree

amusing_trivials | 43 minutes ago

Guys who go through years of problems decide that donating their brain is important. People who never have these problems never think of donating their brain.

It's like asking people in line at a food counter if they are hungry. People who aren't hungry don't get in the line.

No_Delivery_329 | 6 hours ago

Dumb sport, always thought so with the culture of trying to hurt people with big tackles

WINSTON913 | 6 hours ago

It's also awful to watch and is just a medium for capitalist adverts.

Study was done and on average per 3 hours of televised football ther is 11 minutes of actual gameplay from hike of ball to down of ball. The rest is them standing around and ads.

CommunicationTime265 | 54 minutes ago

It's dangerous but tackling isnt really about hurting your opponent. It's about stopping them from gaining yards.  Either way though, its brutal anyway you slice it. Especially helmet to helmet tackles.

Emergency_Mind_3167 | 5 hours ago

[ Removed by Reddit ]

Afilador2112 | 3 hours ago

It does not find, it estimates.

NewInformation3753 | 2 hours ago

Americans will fight over anything. Why not support studies that are trying to save lives

ChodaRagu | 2 hours ago

I hope Troy Aikman allows the NFL to look at his brain after he’s gone.

With all the concussions he had while playing…..

VirginiaLuthier | 2 hours ago

What about boxers? I mean, the goal of their sport is to inflict traumatic brain damage on their opponent

kosmonavt-alyosha | an hour ago

jfc. Over time the evidence of how serious and widespread this is has become stronger. But one still keeps it in the back of one’s mind. Then when you see something like this, and understand the damage of CTE….😕

Optimal_Muscle_3334 | an hour ago

CTE, the American dream baby!!!

CommunicationTime265 | an hour ago

Makes sense. I wish it could be safer to the players...I just don't know how. It's too much of an establishment and pastime for a drastic overhaul on safety. I don't think people would watch it anymore if they signifcantly scaled back the physicality of it.

mywilliswell95 | 20 minutes ago

I wonder what this study looks like for Rugby. Perhaps there needs to be an injection of rugby like practices into American football.

OstensibleFirkin | 4 hours ago

Studies find that 3/4 carpenters die with bad knees. Next story.

TeamWorkTom | 2 hours ago

Why are I you in a science sub if you don't like studies?